Year 5 Mathematics

Step 1 Roman numerals to 1,000 

Step 2 Numbers to 10,000

Step 3 Numbers to 100,000 

Step 4 Numbers to 1,000,000 

Step 5 Read and write numbers to 1,000,000 

Step 6 Powers of 10 

Step 7 10/100/1,000/10,000/100,000 more or less

Step 8 Partition numbers to 1,000,000 

Step 9 Number line to 1,000,000 

Step 10 Compare and order numbers to 100,000

Step 11 Compare and order numbers to 1,000,000

Step 12 Round to the nearest 10, 100 or 1,000

Step 13 Round within 100,000

Step 14 Round within 1,000,000

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• read, write, order and compare numbers to at least 1,000,000 and determine the value of each digit

• count forwards or backwards in steps of powers of 10 for any given number up to 1,000,000

• round any number up to 1,000,000 to the nearest 10, 100, 1,000, 10,000 and 100,000

• solve number problems and practical problems that involve all of the above

• read Roman numerals to 1,000 (M) and recognise years written in Roman numerals

Step 1 Mental strategies

Step 2 Add whole numbers with more than four digits

Step 3 Subtract whole numbers with more than four digits

Step 4 Round to check answers

Step 5 Inverse operations (addition and subtraction)

Step 6 Multi-step addition and subtraction problems

Step 7 Compare calculations

Step 8 Find missing numbers

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• add and subtract whole numbers with more than 4 digits, including using formal written methods (columnar addition and subtraction)

• add and subtract numbers mentally with increasingly large numbers

• use rounding to check answers to calculations and determine, in the context of a problem, levels of accuracy

• solve addition and subtraction multi-step problems in contexts, deciding which operations and methods to use and why

Step 1 Multiples

Step 2 Common multiples

Step 3 Factors

Step 4 Common factors

Step 5 Prime numbers

Step 6 Square numbers

Step 7 Cube numbers

Step 8 Multiply by 10, 100 and 1,000

Step 9 Divide by 10, 100 and 1,000

Step 10 Multiples of 10, 100 and 1,000 

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• identify multiples and factors, including finding all factor pairs of a number, and common factors of 2 numbers

• know and use the vocabulary of prime numbers, prime factors and composite (non-prime) numbers

• establish whether a number up to 100 is prime and recall prime numbers up to 19

• multiply numbers up to 4 digits by a one- or two-digit number using a formal written method, including long multiplication for two-digit numbers

• multiply and divide numbers mentally, drawing upon known facts

• divide numbers up to 4 digits by a one-digit number using the formal written method of short division and interpret remainders appropriately for the context

• multiply and divide whole numbers and those involving decimals by 10, 100 and 1,000

• recognise and use square numbers and cube numbers, and the notation for squared (²) and cubed (³)

• solve problems involving multiplication and division, including using their knowledge of factors and multiples, squares and cubes

• solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication and division and a combination of these, including understanding the meaning of the equals sign

• solve problems involving multiplication and division, including scaling by simple fractions and problems involving simple rates

Step 1 Find fractions equivalent to a unit fraction

Step 2 Find fractions equivalent to a non-unit fraction

Step 3 Recognise equivalent fractions

Step 4 Convert improper fractions to mixed numbers

Step 5 Convert mixed numbers to improper fractions

Step 6 Compare fractions less than 1

Step 7 Order fractions less than 1

Step 8 Compare and order fractions greater than 1

Step 9 Add and subtract fractions with the same denominator

Step 10 Add fractions within 1

Step 11 Add fractions with total greater than 1

Step 12 Add to a mixed number

Step 13 Add two mixed numbers

Step 14 Subtract fractions

Step 15 Subtract from a mixed number

Step 16 Subtract from a mixed number – breaking the whole

Step 17 Subtract two mixed numbers 

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• compare and order fractions whose denominators are all multiples of the same number

• identify, name and write equivalent fractions of a given fraction, represented visually, including tenths and hundredths

• recognise mixed numbers and improper fractions and convert from one form to the other and write mathematical statements > 1 as a mixed number [for example,  2/5+4/5  = 6/5 = 1 1/5  ]

• add and subtract fractions with the same denominator, and denominators that are multiples of the same number

• multiply proper fractions and mixed numbers by whole numbers, supported by materials and diagrams

• read and write decimal numbers as fractions [for example, 0.71 = 71/100 ]

• recognise and use thousandths and relate them to tenths, hundredths and decimal equivalents

• round decimals with 2 decimal places to the nearest whole number and to 1 decimal place

• read, write, order and compare numbers with up to 3 decimal places

• solve problems involving number up to 3 decimal places

• recognise the per cent symbol (%) and understand that per cent relates to ‘number of parts per 100’, and write percentages as a fraction with denominator 100, and as a decimal fraction

• solve problems which require knowing percentage and decimal equivalents of 1/2 ,1/4  ,1/5  ,2/5  , 4/5  and those fractions with a denominator of a multiple of 10 or 25

Step 1 Multiply up to a 4-digit number by a 1-digit number

Step 2 Multiply a 2-digit number by a 2-digit number (area model)

Step 3 Multiply a 2-digit number by a 2-digit number

Step 4 Multiply a 3-digit number by a 2-digit number

Step 5 Multiply a 4-digit number by a 2-digit number

Step 6 Solve problems with multiplication

Step 7 Short division

Step 8 Divide a 4-digit number by a 1-digit number

Step 9 Divide with remainders

Step 10 Efficient division

Step 11 Solve problems with multiplication and division

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• identify multiples and factors, including finding all factor pairs of a number, and common factors of 2 numbers

• know and use the vocabulary of prime numbers, prime factors and composite (non-prime) numbers

• establish whether a number up to 100 is prime and recall prime numbers up to 19

• multiply numbers up to 4 digits by a one- or two-digit number using a formal written method, including long multiplication for two-digit numbers

• multiply and divide numbers mentally, drawing upon known facts

• divide numbers up to 4 digits by a one-digit number using the formal written method of short division and interpret remainders appropriately for the context

• multiply and divide whole numbers and those involving decimals by 10, 100 and 1,000

• recognise and use square numbers and cube numbers, and the notation for squared (²) and cubed (³)

• solve problems involving multiplication and division, including using their knowledge of factors and multiples, squares and cubes

• solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication and division and a combination of these, including understanding the meaning of the equals sign

• solve problems involving multiplication and division, including scaling by simple fractions and problems involving simple rates

Step 1 Multiply a unit fraction by an integer

Step 2 Multiply a non-unit fraction by an integer

Step 3 Multiply a mixed number by an integer

Step 4 Calculate a fraction of a quantity

Step 5 Fraction of an amount

Step 6 Find the whole

Step 7 Use fractions as operators

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• recognise mixed numbers and improper fractions and convert from one form to the other and write mathematical statements > 1 as a mixed number [for example,  2/5+4/5  = 6/5 = 1 1/5  ]

• add and subtract fractions with the same denominator, and denominators that are multiples of the same number

• multiply proper fractions and mixed numbers by whole numbers, supported by materials and diagrams

Step 1 Decimals up to 2 decimal places

Step 2 Equivalent fractions and decimals (tenths)

Step 3 Equivalent fractions and decimals (hundredths)

Step 4 Equivalent fractions and decimals

Step 5 Thousandths as fractions

Step 6 Thousandths as decimals

Step 7 Thousandths on a place value chart

Step 8 Order and compare decimals (same number of decimal places)

Step 9 Order and compare any decimals with up to 3 decimal places

Step 10 Round to the nearest whole number

Step 11 Round to 1 decimal place

Step 12 Understand percentages

Step 13 Percentages as fractions

Step 14 Percentages as decimals

Step 15 Equivalent fractions, decimals and percentages

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• compare and order fractions whose denominators are all multiples of the same number

• identify, name and write equivalent fractions of a given fraction, represented visually, including tenths and hundredths

• recognise mixed numbers and improper fractions and convert from one form to the other and write mathematical statements > 1 as a mixed number [for example,  2/5+4/5  = 6/5 = 1 1/5  ]

• add and subtract fractions with the same denominator, and denominators that are multiples of the same number

• multiply proper fractions and mixed numbers by whole numbers, supported by materials and diagrams

• read and write decimal numbers as fractions [for example, 0.71 = 71/100 ]

• recognise and use thousandths and relate them to tenths, hundredths and decimal equivalents

• round decimals with 2 decimal places to the nearest whole number and to 1 decimal place

• read, write, order and compare numbers with up to 3 decimal places

• solve problems involving number up to 3 decimal places

• recognise the per cent symbol (%) and understand that per cent relates to ‘number of parts per 100’, and write percentages as a fraction with denominator 100, and as a decimal fraction

• solve problems which require knowing percentage and decimal equivalents of 1/2 ,1/4  ,1/5  ,2/5  , 4/5  and those fractions with a denominator of a multiple of 10 or 25

Step 1 Perimeter of rectangles

Step 2 Perimeter of rectilinear shapes

Step 3 Perimeter of polygons

Step 4 Area of rectangles

Step 5 Area of compound shapes

Step 6 Estimate area

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• measure and calculate the perimeter of composite rectilinear shapes in centimetres and metres

• calculate and compare the area of rectangles (including squares), including using standard units, square centimetres (cm²) and square metres (m²), and estimate the area of irregular shapes

• use all four operations to solve problems involving measure [for example, length, mass, volume, money] using decimal notation, including scaling

Step 1 Draw line graphs

Step 2 Read and interpret line graphs

Step 3 Read and interpret tables

Step 4 Two-way tables

Step 5 Read and interpret timetables

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• solve comparison, sum and difference problems using information presented in a line graph

• complete, read and interpret information in tables, including timetables

Step 1 Understand and use degrees

Step 2 Classify angles

Step 3 Estimate angles

Step 4 Measure angles up to 180°

Step 5 Draw lines and angles accurately

Step 6 Calculate angles around a point

Step 7 Calculate angles on a straight line

Step 8 Lengths and angles in shapes

Step 9 Regular and irregular polygons 

Step 10 3-D shapes 

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• identify 3-D shapes, including cubes and other cuboids, from 2-D representations

• know angles are measured in degrees: estimate and compare acute, obtuse and reflex angles

• draw given angles, and measure them in degrees (°)

• identify:

  • angles at a point and 1 whole turn (total 360°)

  • angles at a point on a straight line and half a turn (total 180°)

  • other multiples of 90°

  • use the properties of rectangles to deduce related facts and find missing lengths and angles

  • distinguish between regular and irregular polygons based on reasoning about equal sides and angles

Step 1 Read and plot coordinates

Step 2 Problem solving with coordinates

Step 3 Translation

Step 4 Translation with coordinates

Step 5 Lines of symmetry

Step 6 Reflection in horizontal and vertical lines

National Curriculum Links

Pupils should be taught to:

• identify, describe and represent the position of a shape following a reflection or translation, using the appropriate language, and know that the shape has not changed

Step 1 Use known facts to add and subtract decimals within 1

Step 2 Complements to 1

Step 3 Add and subtract decimals across 1

Step 4 Add decimals with the same number of decimal places

Step 5 Subtract decimals with the same number of decimal places

Step 6 Add decimals with different numbers of decimal places

Step 7 Subtract decimals with different numbers of decimal places

Step 8 Efficient strategies for adding and subtracting decimals

Step 9 Decimal sequences

Step 10 Multiply by 10, 100 and 1,000

Step 11 Divide by 10, 100 and 1,000

Step 12 Multiply and divide decimals – missing values

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• compare and order fractions whose denominators are all multiples of the same number

• identify, name and write equivalent fractions of a given fraction, represented visually, including tenths and hundredths

• recognise mixed numbers and improper fractions and convert from one form to the other and write mathematical statements > 1 as a mixed number [for example,  2/5+4/5  = 6/5 = 1 1/5  ]

• add and subtract fractions with the same denominator, and denominators that are multiples of the same number

• multiply proper fractions and mixed numbers by whole numbers, supported by materials and diagrams

• read and write decimal numbers as fractions [for example, 0.71 = 71/100 ]

• recognise and use thousandths and relate them to tenths, hundredths and decimal equivalents

• round decimals with 2 decimal places to the nearest whole number and to 1 decimal place

• read, write, order and compare numbers with up to 3 decimal places

• solve problems involving number up to 3 decimal places

• recognise the per cent symbol (%) and understand that per cent relates to ‘number of parts per 100’, and write percentages as a fraction with denominator 100, and as a decimal fraction

• solve problems which require knowing percentage and decimal equivalents of 1/2 ,1/4  ,1/5  ,2/5  , 4/5  and those fractions with a denominator of a multiple of 10 or 25

Step 1 Understand negative numbers

Step 2 Count through zero in 1s

Step 3 Count through zero in multiples

Step 4 Compare and order negative numbers

Step 5 Find the difference

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• interpret negative numbers in context, count forwards and backwards with positive and negative whole numbers, including through 0

Step 1 Kilograms and kilometres

Step 2 Millimetres and millilitres

Step 3 Convert units of length

Step 4 Convert between metric and imperial units

Step 5 Convert units of time

Step 6 Calculate with timetables

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• convert between different units of metric measure [for example, kilometre and metre; centimetre and metre; centimetre and millimetre; gram and kilogram; litre and millilitre]

• understand and use approximate equivalences between metric units and common imperial units such as inches, pounds and pints

• measure and calculate the perimeter of composite rectilinear shapes in centimetres and metres

• calculate and compare the area of rectangles (including squares), including using standard units, square centimetres (cm²) and square metres (m²), and estimate the area of irregular shapes

• estimate volume [for example, using 1 cm³ blocks to build cuboids (including cubes)] and capacity [for example, using water]

• solve problems involving converting between units of time

• use all four operations to solve problems involving measure [for example, length, mass, volume, money] using decimal notation, including scaling

Step 1 Cubic centimetres

Step 2 Compare volume

Step 3 Estimate volume

Step 4 Estimate capacity

National Curriculum Links:

Pupils should be taught to:

• convert between different units of metric measure [for example, kilometre and metre; centimetre and metre; centimetre and millimetre; gram and kilogram; litre and millilitre]

• understand and use approximate equivalences between metric units and common imperial units such as inches, pounds and pints

• measure and calculate the perimeter of composite rectilinear shapes in centimetres and metres

• calculate and compare the area of rectangles (including squares), including using standard units, square centimetres (cm²) and square metres (m²), and estimate the area of irregular shapes

• estimate volume [for example, using 1 cm³ blocks to build cuboids (including cubes)] and capacity [for example, using water]

• solve problems involving converting between units of time

• use all four operations to solve problems involving measure [for example, length, mass, volume, money] using decimal notation, including scaling